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Lime softening (also known as lime buttering, lime-soda treatment, or Clark's process) [1] is a type of water treatment used for water softening, which uses the addition of limewater (calcium hydroxide) to remove hardness (deposits of calcium and magnesium salts) by precipitation.
Agricultural lime, also called aglime, agricultural limestone, garden lime or liming, is a soil additive made from pulverized limestone or chalk. The primary active component is calcium carbonate . Additional chemicals vary depending on the mineral source and may include calcium oxide .
Amelioration of soil structure leading to a reduction of mineralization by means of protecting soil organic carbon. Liming is known to ameliorate soil structure, as high Ca 2+ concentrations and high ionic strength in the soil solution enhance the flocculation of clay minerals and, in turn, form more stable soil aggregates. [9]
Lime softening is the process in which lime is added to hard water to make it softer. It has several advantages [further explanation needed] over the ion-exchange method but is mainly suited to commercial treatment applications. [12]
Calcium hydroxide has many names including hydrated lime, caustic lime, builders' lime, slaked lime, cal, and pickling lime. Calcium hydroxide is used in many applications, including food preparation, where it has been identified as E number E526. Limewater, also called milk of lime, is the common name for a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide.
Lime is an inorganic material composed primarily of calcium oxides and hydroxides. It is also the name for calcium oxide which occurs as a product of coal-seam fires and in altered limestone xenoliths in volcanic ejecta. [1] The International Mineralogical Association recognizes lime as a mineral with the chemical formula of CaO. [2]
It is of use in calculating the amount of lime needed to neutralise an acid soil (lime requirement). The amount of lime needed to neutralize a soil must take account of the amount of acid forming ions on the colloids (exchangeable acidity), not just those in the soil water solution (free acidity). [131]
Bordeaux mixture in preparation Bordeaux mixture on grapes Bordeaux mixture (also called Bordo Mix ) is a mixture of copper(II) sulphate (CuSO 4 ) and quicklime ( Ca O ) used as a fungicide . It is used in vineyards, fruit-farms, vegetable-farms and gardens to prevent infestations of downy mildew , powdery mildew and other fungi.