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Herschel underestimated its diameter at 260 km (160 mi) in 1802; in 1811, German astronomer Johann Hieronymus Schröter overestimated it as 2,613 km (1,624 mi). [25] In the 1970s, infrared photometry enabled more accurate measurements of its albedo, and Ceres's diameter was determined to within ten per cent of its true value of 939 km (583 mi).
It has been calculated that Ceres averages one such cryovolcano every 50 million years. [39] Yamor Mons (previously named Ysolo Mons), near the north pole, has a diameter of 16 km [42] and is the only other Cererian mountain with the shape of Ahuna Mons, though old and battered, the cold temperatures at the pole have preserved its shape. [39]
This list contains a selection of objects 50 and 99 km in radius (100 km to 199 km in average diameter). The listed objects currently include most objects in the asteroid belt and moons of the giant planets in this size range, but many newly discovered objects in the outer Solar System are missing, such as those included in the following ...
Diameter (km) Image Aymuray Tholi: Quechua harvest festival in May, meaning 'the song of the harvest' [132] 81 Bagach Tholus: Bagach(Багач), Belarusian harvest festival held on the 21st of September [133] 4.3 Cerealia Tholus: Cerealia,the major festival in Ancient Rome to celebrate the grain goddess Ceres (8 days in mid- to late-April ...
Ceres, at 950 km in diameter, is close to equilibrium, but some deviations from equilibrium shape remain unexplained. [14] Much larger objects, such as Earth's moon and the planet Mercury, are not near hydrostatic equilibrium today, [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] though the Moon is composed primarily of silicate rock and Mercury of metal (in contrast to ...
Over 200 asteroids are known to be larger than 100 km, [63] and a survey in the infrared wavelengths has shown that the asteroid belt has between 700,000 and 1.7 million asteroids with a diameter of 1 km or more. [64] The number of asteroids in the main belt steadily increases with decreasing size.
Diameter (km) Discovered Spacecraft Year(s) Closest approach (km) Closest approach (asteroid radii) Notes Landmark(s) 1 Ceres: 939.4: January 1, 1801: Dawn: 2014–present: 375: 0.80: Dawn took its first "close up" picture of Ceres in December 2014, and entered orbit in March 2015: First likely dwarf planet visited by a spacecraft, largest ...
Vesta (radius 262.7 ± 0.1 km), the second-largest asteroid, appears to have a differentiated interior and therefore likely was once a dwarf planet, but it is no longer very round today. [74] Pallas (radius 255.5 ± 2 km ), the third-largest asteroid, appears never to have completed differentiation and likewise has an irregular shape.