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Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are oral anti-diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as starch and table sugar). They are found in raw plants/herbs such as cinnamon and bacteria (containing the inhibitor acarbose ).
Acarbose degradation is the unique feature of glycoside hydrolases in gut microbiota, acarbose degrading glucosidase, which hydrolyze acarbose into an acarviosine-glucose and glucose. [19] Human enzymes do transform acarbose: the pancreatic alpha-amylase is able to perform a rearrangement reaction , moving the glucose unit in the "tail" maltose ...
Miglitol is an oral alpha-glucosidase inhibitor used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.It works by reversibly inhibiting alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine, which delays the digestion of complex carbohydrates and subsequently reduces postprandial glucose levels. [1]
Hence, α-glucosidase inhibitors (like acarbose) are used as anti-diabetic drugs in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs. The intake of a single dose before a meal containing complex carbohydrates clearly suppresses the glucose spike and may decrease the postprandial hyperglycemia (higher than 140 mg/dL; >7.8 mmol/L) in patients with type ...
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are a class of diabetes drugs, however, they are technically not hypoglycemic agents because they do not have a direct effect on insulin secretion or sensitivity. These agents slow the digestion of starch in the small intestine, such that glucose from the starch enters the bloodstream at a slower rate, and can be ...
Function. Alpha-glucosidases are enzymes involved in breaking down complex carbohydrates such as starch and glycogen into their monomers. [2] They catalyze the cleavage of individual glucosyl residues from various glycoconjugates including alpha- or beta-linked polymers of glucose. This enzyme convert complex sugars into simpler ones.
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors delay glucose absorption at the intestine level and thereby prevent sudden surge of glucose after a meal. [ 2 ] There are three major drugs which belong to this class, acarbose , miglitol and voglibose, [ 2 ] of which voglibose is the newest.
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