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A physician assistant or physician associate (PA) is a type of healthcare professional.While these job titles are used internationally, there is significant variation in training and scope of practice from country to country, and sometimes between smaller jurisdictions such as states or provinces.
In the United States, an assistant physician (AP) is a medical doctor or doctor of osteopathic medicine who has graduated from a four-year medical school program and is licensed to practice, in a limited capacity, under the supervision of a physician who has completed their residency.
Legislation that has allowed to an expansion of the scope of practice from physician assistant's has been met with pushback from the American Medical Association, who warn of the dangers to patient safety and emphasize that PA's work best within a physician-led team. [12]
The Duke University Physician Assistant Program was established in 1965 as the first formalized PA program in the United States and graduated its inaugural class in October 1967. In April 1968, the recent graduates of the Duke PA program, along with current students, began organizing a professional organization, incorporating as the "American ...
The legal scope of practice for mid-level practitioners varies greatly among jurisdictions, with some having a restricted and well-defined scope, while others have a scope similar to that of a physician. Likewise, the training requirement for mid-level practitioners varies greatly between and within different certifications and licensures.
A pathologists' assistant (PA) is a physician extender whose expertise lies in gross examination of surgical specimens as well as performing forensic, medicolegal, and hospital autopsies. [ 1 ] In the United States , the profession is only licensed in two states: Nevada and New York .
The Orthopaedic (also spelled orthopedic) Physician Assistant (OPA-C) is a professional physician extender (also termed "mid-level") who has met the criteria set forth by the National Board for Certification of Orthopaedic Physician Assistants and has passed a certification examination, and maintains certification by complying with the regulations of the National Board for Certification of ...
In the United States, scope of practice law is determined by the states' legislatures and regulatory boards. [1] [3]According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, non-physician health care providers are providing increasing levels of service to patients, especially in rural and other underserved communities.