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ZIP codes represent groups of addresses or delivery routes. The +4 codes might narrow it down to a block, a building or single organization. ZIP+4 data is available directly from the USPS (including a file that relates it TIGER) or from third parties who have taken the USPS data and repackaged presumably with value added. The USPS data does not ...
USPS ZIP+4 (non-geocoded) product: you can run its address ranges through a geocoding API or GIS software. If you wanted to do this for historic ZIP+4, you could buy older snapshots ($825 national, $52.50 for one state, available back to 1994) and use the current City-State street name alias file to deal with street name changes.
I see that some organization provides zip+4 centroids . If reverse geocode is not available, I can try to use that by finding closest zip+4, however a lookup will be better. Then, there are APIs like one on zip-codes.com which takes address as input and provide zip+4 as output. Therefore some API or non-API lookup should exist which give zip+4 ...
If an address is deliverable, a ZIP+4 is assigned as opposed to just a 5 digit ZIP. Some of the licensees of the data match the street and address range from the USPS with an external street centerline file to provide a geographic point representing a ZIP+4. This level of detail can be generalized back to the ZIP code and derive a ZIP point.
ZIP+4 codes are really linear features (describing a route or portion of a delivery route) and point features (describing an address, a post office, or a post office box). There is no easy mapping between them, even in a many-to-many. Best yet, both periodically change. Good luck. –
I am searching for an address locator for ArcGIS or a (free?) batch service that will output 9-digit zip (Zip+4) from address. I have already geocoded these addresses so I have lat/long from street or point address for a good portion. I do have Esri Street Map Premium service and that allows for 9 digit zip to Lat/long but not Address to Zip+4 ...
Because of this seeming inconsistency, a 5 digit ZIP Code is not as valuable as a 9 digit (or ZIP+4) code. The ZIP+4 code designates a specific area, typically a city block or grouping of houses and so is much more precise. There are 42k unique ZIP Codes currently in use and that means that the possible number of ZIP+4 codes is 420 Million.
There's no strict algorithmic relationship between latitude and longitude and zip code - they're all custom areas generated by the postal service. You need access to a dataset that codes polygons / polygon centroids by zip code. 1) Complex. Traditionally, this task (coupled with address lookup) is termed 'Geocoding'.
In June 1994, according to the following U.S. Census Bureau site there are 153 zip codes that cross state boundries. As mentioned earlier, there are a few ZIP Codes that deliver across state lines, and there are a few ZIP/sectors that cross county lines. There are 153 ZIP Codes in more than one state. There are 9,000 ZIP Codes in more than one ...
Zip Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTA) are a US Census product derived from the Zipcodes defined by the USPS which, as a federal entity, may cross state and other administrative boundaries. They are semi-fuzzy boundaries based on the logistical delivery of mail and are subject to changes between censuses.