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  2. Constitutive equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutive_equation

    The first constitutive equation (constitutive law) was developed by Robert Hooke and is known as Hooke's law.It deals with the case of linear elastic materials.Following this discovery, this type of equation, often called a "stress-strain relation" in this example, but also called a "constitutive assumption" or an "equation of state" was commonly used.

  3. Governing equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governing_equation

    A governing equation may also be a state equation, an equation describing the state of the system, and thus actually be a constitutive equation that has "stepped up the ranks" because the model in question was not meant to include a time-dependent term in the equation.

  4. Constitutive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutive

    Constitutive may refer to: In physics, a constitutive equation is a relation between two physical quantities In ecology , a constitutive defense is one that is always active, as opposed to an inducible defense

  5. Psychology Today - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_Today

    Psychology Today is an American media organization with a focus on psychology and human behavior. The publication began as a bimonthly magazine, which first appeared in 1967. The print magazine's reported circulation is 275,000 as of 2023. [ 2 ]

  6. The lung's alveoli are not tiny balloons that expand and contract under positive pressure following the Young–Laplace equation, as is taught in some physiology and medical textbooks. The tissue structure is more like a sponge with polygonal spaces that unfold and fold under negative pressure from the chest wall.

  7. Modified nodal analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_nodal_analysis

    The MNA uses the element's branch constitutive equations or BCE, i.e., their voltage - current characteristic and the Kirchhoff's circuit laws. The method is often done in four steps, [3] but it can be reduced to three: Step 1. Write the KCL equations of the circuit.

  8. Lewin's equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewin's_equation

    The equation was proposed as an attempt to unify the different branches of psychology (e.g. child psychology, animal psychology, psychopathology) with a flexible theory applicable to all distinct branches of psychology. [3] This equation is directly related to Lewin's field theory.

  9. Materials with memory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_with_memory

    In general, in materials with memory the local value of some constitutive quantity (stress, heat flux, electric current, polarization and magnetization, etc.) at a time t depends upon the history of the state variables (deformation, temperature, electric and magnetic fields, etc.).