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The Quraysh or Qureshi (Arabic: قُرَيْشٍ, romanized: Qurayš) is an Arab tribe that inhabited and used to control Mecca and the Kaaba.Comprising ten main clans, it includes the Hashim clan into which the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born.
Surah Quraysh, the 106th chapter of the Quran, holds special significance for the Quraysh tribe. This brief yet profound chapter addresses the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. The surah highlights the blessings and security bestowed upon the Quraysh due to their connection with the sacred sanctuary and urges them to worship the Lord of the Kaaba, who granted them safety and prosperity.
The Meccan boycott of the Hashemites was a public boycott against the clan of Banu Hashim, declared in 616 (7th year of Prophethood) by the leaders of Banu Makhzum and Banu Abd-Shams, two important clans of Quraysh. According to tradition, the boycott was carried out in order to put pressure on Banu Hashim to withdraw its protection from Muhammad.
The Banu Makhzum were a major clan of the larger Quraysh tribal grouping which dominated Mecca. [4] Though in Arab genealogical tradition, there are some twenty branches descended from the progenitor Umar ibn Makhzum, the line of al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Makhzum emerged as the principal family of the Banu Makhzum. [4]
The Qur'aish sub-clan of Banu Hashim was the clan of Muhammad, while their sister sub-clan, the Banu Abd-Shams became known as his most staunch enemies. After Muhammad, the Muslim nation was ruled exclusively through the Quraish tribe, all the way until the Ottoman Turks came into power.
Banu Umayya (Arabic: بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ, Nisba: al-Umawī) was a clan of the larger Quraysh tribe, which dominated Mecca in the pre-Islamic era. [4] The Quraysh derived prestige among the Arab tribes through their protection and maintenance of the Kaʿba , which at the time was regarded by the largely polytheistic Arabs across the ...
Al-Mughira was the son of Abd Allah ibn Umar and a great-grandson of the eponymous progenitor of the Banu Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. [1] He was likely active as a leader of his clan and tribe in the mid-6th century CE, a period in which Mecca, traditionally a pilgrimage center for the polytheistic Arabs during the pre-Islamic period, was becoming a political center as well. [2]
Medina lay 200 miles north of Mecca, on the caravan way to Syria. After Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, they frequently launched raids on passing Meccan caravans. When a caravan belonging to Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, the leader of the Banu Umayya, was attacked near Medina, the Quraysh decided to launch an assault on the Muslims.