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The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ... Indian caste as we know it today is a ... of seat reservations and quotas for people to redress caste ...
Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that was established during the British rule.Based on provisions in the Indian Constitution, it allows the Union Government and the States and Territories of India to allocate a specific percentage of reserved quotas or seats, in higher education admissions, employment, political bodies, etc., for "socially and economically backward citizens".
Currently, the quota can be availed by persons with an annual gross household income of up to ₹ 8 lakh (US$9,200). Families that own over 5 acres of agricultural land, a house over 1,000 square feet, a plot of over 100-yards in a notified municipal area or over a 200-yards plot in a non-notified municipal area cannot avail the reservation. [ 3 ]
On 9 November 2023, Bihar Assembly Passed Bill For 65% Caste Quota excluding 10% EWS Quota, [108] in government jobs and educational institutions. [ 109 ] [ 110 ] [ 111 ] The new reservation quota percentages include 20% for Scheduled Castes, 2% for Scheduled Tribes, 18% for Backward Classes, 25% for Extremely Backward Classes, and 10% for the ...
The main beneficiaries are the EBCs and OBCs, whose quota is proposed to be raised from 12% to 25% and 8% to 18% respectively. According to 2022 Bihar caste-based survey , 36.01% of the population are EBCs, and 27.13% are OBCs.For SCs, the proposed new quota is 20%, up from the existing 14%.
The evolution of the lower caste and tribe into the modern-day Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe is complex. The caste system as a stratification of classes in India originated about 2,000 years ago, and has been influenced by dynasties and ruling elites, including the Mughal Empire and the British Raj.
In India, the Other Backward Caste (OBC) status invokes affirmative action which provides reserved quotas in education and government jobs.In Gujarat, 27% of the seats in government and education are reserved for OBC, 7.5% for Scheduled Castes and 15% for Scheduled Tribes for a total of 49.5% of all seats.
Patels, another caste in Gujarat, launch massive protests seeking reservation quotas. 10 August 2015; Rajasthan High Court strikes down the decision to include Bharatpur and Dholpur Jats in the State OBC list. January 2016; Sarva Jat Khap Panchayat of Jats prepares a plan to launch protests demanding reservation quota. 12 February 2016