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Nonverbal learning disorder (NVLD or NLD) is a proposed neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by core deficits in nonverbal skills, especially visual-spatial processing. People with this condition have normal or advanced verbal intelligence and significantly lower nonverbal intelligence. [ 3 ]
Sensory processing disorder is present in many people with dyspraxia, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Individuals with SPD may inadequately process visual , auditory , olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste), tactile (touch), vestibular (balance), proprioception (body awareness), and interoception ...
Visual processing abnormalities in schizophrenia are commonly found, and contribute to poor social function. [ 1 ] There is evidence that schizophrenia affects perception of contrast and motion , control of eye movements , detection of visual contours, and recognition of faces or facial expressions .
Simultanagnosia (or simultagnosia) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the inability of an individual to visually perceive more than a single object at a time. . This type of visual attention problem is one of three major components (the others being optic ataxia and optic apraxia) of Bálint's syndrome, an uncommon and incompletely understood variety of severe neuropsychological ...
The visual system is organized hierarchically, with anatomical areas that have specialized functions in visual processing. Low-level visual processing is concerned with determining different types of contrast among images projected onto the retina whereas high-level visual processing refers to the cognitive processes that integrate information from a variety of sources into the visual ...
Apperceptive agnosia is failure of object recognition even when the basic visual functions (acuity, color, motion) and other mental processing, such as language and intelligence, are normal. [9] The brain must correctly integrate features such as edges, light intensity, and color from sensory information to form a complete percept of an object.
Visual apperceptive agnosia is a visual impairment that results in a patient's inability to name objects. [9] While agnosics suffer from severe deficits, patients' visual acuity and other visual abilities such as perceiving parts and colours remain intact. [6] Deficits seem to occur because of damage to early-level perceptual processing. [9]
The cognitive system for visual object identification is a hierarchal process, broken up into multiple steps of processing. [ 16 ] In the object recognition unit model by Marr (1980), [ 18 ] the process begins with sensory perception (vision) of the object, which results in an initial representation via feature extraction of basic forms and shapes.