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The Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is a network protocol for encapsulating Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames inside Ethernet frames. It appeared in 1999, in the context of the boom of DSL as the solution for tunneling packets over the DSL connection to the ISP's IP network, and from there to the rest of the Internet.
kppp – A kde GUI frontend for pppd.; gnome-ppp – A (discontinued) gnome GUI frontend for WvDial, which in turns depends on pppd.; pppconfig – It uses the standard ppp configuration files and sets ppp up so that the standard pon and poff commands (to connect and disconnect) and plog (to list the log) can be used to control ppp.
Loose Source Routing is an IP option which can be used for address translation. LSR is also used to implement mobility in IP networks. [3] Loose source routing uses a source routing option in IP to record the set of routers a packet must visit. The destination of the packet is replaced with the next router the packet must visit.
For example, IP uses IPCP, and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) uses the Novell IPX Control Protocol . NCPs include fields containing standardized codes to indicate the network layer protocol type that the PPP connection encapsulates. The following NCPs may be used with PPP: IPCP for IP, protocol code number 0x8021, RFC 1332
IP-in-IP IP in IP (encapsulation) RFC 2003: 0x05 5 ST Internet Stream Protocol: RFC 1190, RFC 1819: 0x06 6 TCP Transmission Control Protocol: RFC 793: 0x07 7 CBT Core-based trees: RFC 2189: 0x08 8 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol: RFC 888: 0x09 9 IGP Interior gateway protocol (any private interior gateway, for example Cisco's IGRP) 0x0A 10 BBN-RCC-MON
This layer, presentation Layer and application layer are combined in TCP/IP model. 9P Distributed file system protocol developed originally as part of Plan 9; ADSP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol; ASP AppleTalk Session Protocol; H.245 Call Control Protocol for Multimedia Communications; iSNS Internet Storage Name Service
In practice, in protocols like PPPoE which is commonly used in home broadband connections, the latter method (request suggestion, nak with suggestion, request suggested address) is used to set the IP address of the ISP's client endpoint (i.e. the customer-premises equipment), while the former method (request address) is used to inform the ...
Internet Protocol over Ethernet (IPoE) is a method of delivering an IP payload over an Ethernet-based access network or an access network using bridged Ethernet over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) without using PPPoE. It directly encapsulates the IP datagrams in Ethernet frames, using the standard RFC 894 encapsulation.