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Bone marrow samples can be obtained by aspiration and trephine biopsy. Sometimes, a bone marrow examination will include both an aspirate and a biopsy. The aspirate yields semi-liquid bone marrow, which can be examined by a pathologist under a light microscope and analyzed by flow cytometry, chromosome analysis, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR
Giemsa stain is a classic blood film stain for peripheral blood smears and bone marrow specimens. Erythrocytes stain pink, platelets show a light pale pink, lymphocyte cytoplasm stains sky blue, monocyte cytoplasm stains pale blue, and leukocyte nuclear chromatin stains magenta. It is also used to visualize the classic "safety pin" shape in ...
May Grünwald–Giemsa staining of bone marrow cells taken from a patient with hereditary folate malabsorption, from a case report by Yukari Sakurai et al., 2022 [1]. May–Grünwald stain is used for the staining of slides obtained by fine-needle aspiration in a histopathology lab for the diagnosis of tumorous cells.
Bone marrow examination is the pathologic analysis of samples of bone marrow obtained via biopsy and bone marrow aspiration. Bone marrow examination is used in the diagnosis of a number of conditions, including leukemia, multiple myeloma, anemia , and pancytopenia .
[1] [23] Examination of both blood and bone marrow can be of importance in the diagnosis of a variety of blood diseases. [ 1 ] [ 23 ] In the United States the Wright and Wright-Giemsa variants of the Romanowsky-type stains are widely used, [ 1 ] while in Europe Giemsa stain is commonly employed.
Wright's stain is a hematologic stain that facilitates the differentiation of blood cell types. It is classically a mixture of eosin (red) and methylene blue dyes. It is used primarily to stain peripheral blood smears, urine samples, and bone marrow aspirates, which are examined under a light microscope.
used for taking a biopsy from a deep hard tissue like bone marrow (within a hard bone) Spirometer: used to test lung function; video link •Water-seal type-do- •Douglas bag type-do- Peak flow meter or peak expiatory flow rate meter: used to test lung function by testing the rate at which the person can exhale; useful to diagnose COPD and asthma
Once the target is determined, a sample of blood or bone marrow is obtained, nucleic acid is extracted, and the sample analyzed for the leukaemic sequence. These tests are very specific, and detect leukaemic cells at levels down to one cell in a million, though the limit typically achieved is one in 10,000 to one in 100,000 cells.