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Historian Richard Wade has summarized the claims that scholars have made for the importance of the city in American history. The cities were the focal points for the growth of the West, especially those along the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The cities, especially Boston, were the seed beds of the American Revolution.
In the second half of the twentieth century, deindustrialization (or "economic restructuring") in the West led to poverty, homelessness, and urban decay in formerly prosperous cities. America's "Steel Belt" became a "Rust Belt" and cities such as Detroit, Michigan, and Gary, Indiana began to shrink, contrary to the global trend of massive urban ...
Only a handful of studies attempt a global history of cities, notably Lewis Mumford, The City in History (1961). [5] Representative comparative studies include Leonardo Benevolo, The European City (1993); Christopher R. Friedrichs, The Early Modern City, 1450-1750 (1995), and James L. McClain, John M. Merriman, and Ugawa Kaoru. eds. Edo and Paris (1994) (Edo was the old name for Tokyo).
Over the last two centuries, the United States of America has been transformed from a predominantly rural, agricultural nation into an urbanized, industrial one. [2] This was largely due to the Industrial Revolution in the United States (and parts of Western Europe ) in the late 18th and early 19th centuries and the rapid industrialization ...
New York City experienced the largest total population drop by a city up to this point in American history, recording 820,000 fewer people in 1980 than ten years before. The city government was crippled by severe financial strains and near bankruptcy as a result of its declining tax base during the 1970s, until being bailed out by the federal ...
The results should be interpreted as indicating the importance of cities as nodes in the world city network (i.e. enabling corporate globalization). [8] The cities in the 2024 classification are as follows, listed in alphabetical order per section: [9] (1) or (1) indicates a city moved one category up or down since the 2022 classification. [10]
The historical origins of globalization (also known as historical globalization) are the subject of ongoing debate. Though many scholars situate the origins of globalization in the modern era (around the 19th century), others regard it as a phenomenon with a long history, dating back thousands of years (a concept known as archaic globalization).
A global city [a] is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network. The concept originates from geography and urban studies , based on the thesis that globalization has created a hierarchy of strategic geographic locations with varying degrees of influence over finance , trade , and culture worldwide.