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Many details must be discussed between the artist and scientist before a final drawing can be completed, and additional preliminary drawings must be prepared in order to work out aesthetic details. Pen and ink (often a flex nib fountain pen) line illustrations are clean, crisp, clear, and inexpensive to produce, making them ideal for biological ...
A Bertillon record for Francis Galton, from a visit to Bertillon's laboratory in 1893. The history of anthropometry includes and spans various concepts, both scientific and pseudoscientific, such as craniometry, paleoanthropology, biological anthropology, phrenology, physiognomy, forensics, criminology, phylogeography, human origins, and cranio-facial description, as well as correlations ...
Many animals use visual queues from their surroundings to control their locomotion and so presenting them with a pseudo optic flow or context-specific visual feature can prompt and prolong locomotion. [45] [36] [46] [47] Racetracks lined with photocells or filmed while animals run along them are used to measure acceleration and maximal sprint ...
The blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) is the largest animal that has ever lived, weighing up to 190 tonnes and measuring up to 33.6 metres (110 ft) long. [ 60 ] [ 61 ] The largest extant terrestrial animal is the African bush elephant ( Loxodonta africana ), weighing up to 12.25 tonnes [ 60 ] and measuring up to 10.67 metres (35.0 ft) long. [ 60 ]
Measuring the culmen. The upper margin of the beak or bill is referred to as the culmen.The measurement is taken using calipers with one jaw at the tip of the upper mandible and the other at the base of the bill (at the junction with the skull, a measurement called "total culmen") or where the feathers begin (a measurement called "exposed culmen").
Tape measures are often designed for specific uses or trades. Tapes may have different scales, be made of different materials, and be of different lengths depending on the intended use. Tape measures used in tailoring are called "sewing tape". Originally made from flexible cloth or plastic, fiberglass is now the preferred material due to its ...
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