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Fluoride's suppressive effect on the thyroid is more severe when iodine is deficient, and fluoride is associated with lower levels of iodine. [clarification needed] [31] Thyroid effects in humans were associated with fluoride levels 0.05–0.13 mg/kg/day when iodine intake was adequate and 0.01–0.03 mg/kg/day when iodine intake was inadequate.
Most patients with skeletal fluorosis show side effects from the high fluoride dose such as ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. [3] Fluoride can also damage the parathyroid glands, leading to hyperparathyroidism, the uncontrolled secretion of parathyroid hormones. These hormones regulate calcium concentration in the body.
Fluoride therapy is the use of fluoride for medical purposes. [2] Fluoride supplements are recommended to prevent tooth decay in children older than six months in areas where the drinking water is low in fluoride. [3] It is typically used as a liquid, pill, or paste by mouth. [4] Fluoride has also been used to treat a number of bone diseases. [5]
"For adults and children over the age of two, drinking fluoridated tap water, along with following instructions for daily use of toothpaste with fluoride, creates the best chance for the tooth to ...
Other symptoms to note: Drug rashes can be a side effect of or a reaction to a new medication; almost any medication can cause a drug rash, but antibiotics and NSAIDs are the most common culprits ...
The dose that may lead to adverse health effects is about one fifth of the lethal dose. [69] Chronic excess fluoride consumption can lead to skeletal fluorosis, a disease of the bones that affects millions in Asia and Africa. [69] [70] The fluoride ion is readily absorbed by the stomach and intestines.
Severe pain at the site of exposure [1] Complications: electrolyte, heart, lung, and neurological problems [1] Usual onset: Immediate or delayed [1] Causes: Hydrofluoric acid [1] Diagnostic method: Based on history of exposure and symptoms [2] Treatment: Removing contaminated clothing, washing with water, calcium gluconate [1] Frequency: Rare [1]
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an inorganic compound with the formula Na F.It is a colorless or white solid that is readily soluble in water. It is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water to prevent tooth decay, and in toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals for the same purpose.