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  2. Illusion of control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusion_of_control

    At times, people attempt to gain control by transferring responsibility to more capable or “luckier” others to act for them. By forfeiting direct control, it is perceived to be a valid way of maximizing outcomes. This illusion of control by proxy is a significant theoretical extension of the traditional illusion of control model.

  3. Illusory superiority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusory_superiority

    In social psychology, illusory superiority is a cognitive bias wherein people overestimate their own qualities and abilities compared to others. Illusory superiority is one of many positive illusions , relating to the self , that are evident in the study of intelligence , the effective performance of tasks and tests, and the possession of ...

  4. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Illusory correlation, a tendency to inaccurately perceive a relationship between two unrelated events. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] Pareidolia , a tendency to perceive a vague and random stimulus (often an image or sound) as significant, e.g., seeing images of animals or faces in clouds, the man in the Moon , and hearing non-existent hidden messages on ...

  5. Illusory promise - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusory_promise

    Illusory promises are so named because they merely hold the illusion of contract. For example, a promise of the form, "I will give you ten dollars if I feel like it," is purely illusory and will not be enforced as a contract. It is a general principle of contract law that courts should err on the side of enforcing contracts. [1]

  6. Introspection illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introspection_illusion

    They displayed standard biases, for example rating themselves above the others on desirable qualities (demonstrating illusory superiority). The experimenters explained cognitive bias, and asked the subjects how it might have affected their judgment.

  7. Illusory contours - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusory_contours

    Illusory contours provide clues for how the visual system constructs surfaces when portions of the surface's edge are not visible. The encoding of surfaces is thought to be an indispensable part of visual perception, forming a critical intermediate stage of visual processing between the initial analysis of visual features and the ability to ...

  8. Illusory truth effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusory_truth_effect

    The illusory truth effect (also known as the illusion of truth effect, validity effect, truth effect, or the reiteration effect) is the tendency to believe false information to be correct after repeated exposure. [1] This phenomenon was first identified in a 1977 study at Villanova University and Temple University.

  9. Illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusion

    An illusion is a distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the mind normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation.Although illusions distort the human perception of reality, they are generally shared by most people.