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This was the second-deadliest outbreak since the 1976 outbreak and possibly the deadliest, as several people were buried before Legionnaires' disease had been diagnosed. [52] The world's largest outbreak of Legionnaires' disease happened in July 2001, with people appearing at the hospital on 7 July, in Murcia, Spain. More than 800 suspected ...
The disease was finally produced in guinea pigs. The CDC announced the discovery at a press conference on January 18, 1977. [11] [12] [4] [13] The bacterium was later named Legionella pneumophila. [14] Legionella pneumophila is the most common cause, but sometimes other species of Legionella bacteria also cause Legionnaires' disease.
Legionella pneumophila, the primary causative agent for Legionnaire's disease, is an aerobic, pleomorphic, flagellated, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative bacterium. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] L. pneumophila is a intracellular parasite that preferentially infects soil amoebae and freshwater protozoa for replication.
Legionella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria that can be seen using a silver stain or grown in a special media that contains cysteine, an amino acid.It is known to cause legionellosis [3] (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. [3]
The symptoms of the disease usually show up within two to 10 days of bacteria inhalation, and include headache, muscle pain, chills, and a fever of 104 degrees Fahrenheit or higher.
In 1968, several workers at the county's department of health came down with a fever and mild flu symptoms, but not pneumonia. After the 1976 Legionnaires' outbreak in Philadelphia, the Michigan health department re-examined blood samples and discovered the workers had been infected with the newly identified Legionella pneumophila.
Understanding what increases the risk of dementia can help doctors and policymakers identify people most at risk and provide the right support to slow down or lessen the impact of cognitive decline.
They comprise two families, typified by Legionella and Coxiella, both of which include notable pathogens. For example, Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii and Legionella pneumophila causes Legionnaires' disease [3] [4] and Pontiac fever. [5] [6] [7]