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The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
Compounds of the metallic elements usually form simple aqua ions with the formula [M(H 2 O) n] z+ in low oxidation states. With the higher oxidation states the simple aqua ions dissociate losing hydrogen ions to yield complexes that contain both water molecules and hydroxide or oxide ions, such as the vanadium (IV) species [VO(H 2 O) 5 ] 2+ .
Examples of such atomic properties include: partly filled d-or f- orbitals (in many of the transition, lanthanide, and actinide heavy metals) that enable the formation of coloured compounds; [167] the capacity of most heavy metal ions (such as platinum, [168] cerium [169] or bismuth [170]) to exist in different oxidation states and are used in ...
Metallic solids have, by definition, no band gap at the Fermi level and hence are conducting. Solids with purely metallic bonding are characteristically ductile and, in their pure forms, have low strength; melting points can [inconsistent] be very low (e.g., Mercury melts at 234 K (−39 °C). These properties are consequences of the non ...
Structure of [Cp*Al] 4, a main group organometallic compound. Main group organometallic chemistry concerns the preparation and properties of main-group elements directly bonded to carbon. The inventory is large. The compounds exhibit a wide range of properties, including ones that are water-stable and others that are pyrophoric. [1]
This line has been called the amphoteric line, [2] the metal-nonmetal line, [3] the metalloid line, [4] [5] the semimetal line, [6] or the staircase. [2] [n 1] While it has also been called the Zintl border [8] or the Zintl line [9] [10] these terms instead refer to a vertical line sometimes drawn between groups 13 and 14.
The chemistry of astatine in aqueous solution is mainly characterised by the formation of various anionic species. [484] Most of its known compounds resemble those of iodine, [485] which is a halogen and a nonmetal. [486] Such compounds include astatides (XAt), astatates (XAtO 3), and monovalent interhalogen compounds. [487]
Cobalt in compound form occurs in copper and nickel minerals. It is the major metallic component that combines with sulfur and arsenic in the sulfidic cobaltite (CoAsS), safflorite (CoAs 2), glaucodot ((Co,Fe)AsS), and skutterudite (CoAs 3) minerals. [18]