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In algebra, the ring of restricted power series is the subring of a formal power series ring that consists of power series whose coefficients approach zero as degree goes to infinity. [1] Over a non-archimedean complete field , the ring is also called a Tate algebra .
Powers of 2 appear in set theory, since a set with n members has a power set, the set of all of its subsets, which has 2 n members. Integer powers of 2 are important in computer science. The positive integer powers 2 n give the number of possible values for an n-bit integer binary number; for example, a byte may take 2 8 = 256 different values.
The only known powers of 2 with all digits even are 2 1 = 2, 2 2 = 4, 2 3 = 8, 2 6 = 64 and 2 11 = 2048. [12] The first 3 powers of 2 with all but last digit odd is 2 4 = 16, 2 5 = 32 and 2 9 = 512. The next such power of 2 of form 2 n should have n of at least 6 digits.
A formal power series can be loosely thought of as an object that is like a polynomial, but with infinitely many terms.Alternatively, for those familiar with power series (or Taylor series), one may think of a formal power series as a power series in which we ignore questions of convergence by not assuming that the variable X denotes any numerical value (not even an unknown value).
The quotient and remainder can then be determined as follows: Divide the first term of the dividend by the highest term of the divisor (meaning the one with the highest power of x, which in this case is x). Place the result above the bar (x 3 ÷ x = x 2).
Negative powers are not permitted in an ordinary power series; for instance, + + + + is not considered a power series (although it is a Laurent series). Similarly, fractional powers such as x 1 2 {\textstyle x^{\frac {1}{2}}} are not permitted; fractional powers arise in Puiseux series .
The quotient algebra has these classes as its elements, and the compatibility conditions are used to give the classes an algebraic structure. [ 1 ] The idea of the quotient algebra abstracts into one common notion the quotient structure of quotient rings of ring theory , quotient groups of group theory , the quotient spaces of linear algebra ...
GF(2) can be identified with the field of the integers modulo 2, that is, the quotient ring of the ring of integers Z by the ideal 2Z of all even numbers: GF(2) = Z/2Z. Notations Z 2 and Z 2 {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} _{2}} may be encountered although they can be confused with the notation of 2 -adic integers .
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