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The first avian picornavirus to have its genome sequenced, [3] it causes epidemic tremor in chickens. Tremovirus is of economic importance to chicken farmers because it causes a drop in egg production in laying hens, and neurological diseases in chicks less than three weeks old.
Treatment is usually supportive in nature while also providing antiviral drug therapy. The primary exception to this is herpes simplex encephalitis, which is treatable with acyclovir . Prognosis is good for most individuals who are infected by an encephalitic virus but is poor among those who develop severe symptoms, including viral encephalitis.
It can be further categorized in three subtypes: antibody-negative probable autoimmune encephalitis, autoimmune limbic encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. [4] One therapeutic approach to seronegative autoimmune encephalitis is using as a first-line treatment corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. [4]
Despite the fact that steroids can be used to reduce the immunological antibody-building activity of the disease in all people, many other anti-Hu encephalitis treatments are most effective in children. [18] Treatments may also be focused purely on symptoms rather than targeting the potential causes of the disease.
Encephalomyelitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Various types of encephalomyelitis include: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by viral infection. [1] [2] Encephalomyelitis disseminata, a synonym for multiple sclerosis.
Management of ME/CFS (myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) focuses on symptoms management, as no treatments that address the root cause of the illness are available. [1]: 29 Pacing, or regulating one's activities to avoid triggering worse symptoms, is the most common management strategy for post-exertional malaise.
It is mostly used with rodents and is widely studied as an animal model of the human CNS demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). EAE is also the prototype for T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in general. [citation needed]
Anti-MOG antibodies have been described in some patients with NMOSD [15] [16] who were negative for the aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) antibody. However, most NMOSD is an astrocytopathy, specifically an AQP4 antibody-associated disease, whereas MOG antibody-associated disease is an oligodendrocytopathy, suggesting that these are two separate pathologic entities. [2]