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Promethazine, sold under the brand name Phenergan among others, is a first-generation antihistamine, sedative, and antiemetic used to treat allergies, insomnia, and nausea. It may also help with some symptoms associated with the common cold [ 4 ] and may also be used for sedating people who are agitated or anxious, an effect that has led to ...
An H 3 receptor antagonist is a type of antihistaminic drug used to block the action of histamine at H 3 receptors.. Unlike the H 1 and H 2 receptors which have primarily peripheral actions, but cause sedation if they are blocked in the brain, H 3 receptors are primarily found in the brain and are inhibitory autoreceptors located on histaminergic nerve terminals, which modulate the release of ...
Histamine receptor antagonists can be administered by multiple routes, including orally, intramuscularly, or rectally. Adverse effects include dry mouth, sedation, and urinary retention. Medications include dimenhydrinate and diphenhydramine. Propofol, an anesthetic medication, confers its own antiemetic properties.
Sedation: 3 times more likely to cause sedation, around 30% with chlorpromazine: RR 2.8 CI 2.3 to 3.5 Acute movement disorder: 3.5 times more likely to cause easily reversible but unpleasant severe stiffening of muscles, around 6% with chlorpromazine: RR 3.5 CI 1.5 to 8.0 Parkinsonism
The most common adverse effect is sedation; this "side-effect" is utilized in many OTC sleeping-aid preparations. Other common adverse effects in first-generation H 1 -antihistamines include dizziness, tinnitus , blurred vision, euphoria , incoordination, anxiety , increased appetite leading to weight gain , insomnia , tremor, nausea and ...
A sedative or tranquilliser [note 1] is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability [1] or excitement. [2] They are CNS depressants and interact with brain activity causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In ...
While acepromazine is also used in cats, its absorption is erratic and can vary between individuals. It also generally induces less sedation than in dogs. [13] [14] It also causes spontaneous motor activity (in both cats and dogs, but more often in cats) by blocking dopamine receptors in the striatum and substantia nigra. [15]
Other dopamine antagonists and antiemetics can cause tardive dyskinesia, such as metoclopramide and promethazine, used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Atypical antipsychotics are considered lower-risk for causing TD than their typical counterparts, with incidence rates of 13.1% and 32.4% respectively in short-term trials primarily ...
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