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Reaction control systems are capable of providing small amounts of thrust in any desired direction or combination of directions. An RCS is also capable of providing torque to allow control of rotation (roll, pitch, and yaw). [2] Reaction control systems often use combinations of large and small thrusters, to allow different levels of response.
A vernier thruster or gimbaled engine are particular cases used on launch vehicles where a secondary rocket engine or other high thrust device is used to control the attitude of the rocket, while the primary thrust engine (generally also a rocket engine) is fixed to the rocket and supplies the principal amount of thrust.
"A reaction control system (RCS) is a subsystem of a spacecraft whose purpose is attitude control and steering by the use of thrusters". Attitude and Orbit control "An RCS system is capable of providing small amounts of thrust in any desired direction or combination of directions".
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In practice, if A and B interconvert with overall rate constants k f and k r, then for most practical purposes, the change in composition becomes negligible after t ~ 3.5/(k f + k r), or approximately five half-lives, and the system product ratio can be regarded as the result of thermodynamic control. In general, short reaction times favour ...
Depending on the design of a craft's maneuvering and stability systems, it may simply be a smaller thruster complementing the main propulsion system, [1] or it may complement larger attitude control thrusters, [2] or may be a part of the reaction control system.
The system was also used to push the spacecraft away from the spent second stage of the Titan II launch vehicle on first reaching orbit. The eight rotational control engines were mounted off the spacecraft's center of mass around the aft section of the Equipment Module, pointed at 90 degree positions up, down, left and right.
To control such a nuclear chain reaction, control rods containing neutron poisons and neutron moderators are able to change the portion of neutrons that will go on to cause more fission. [11] Nuclear reactors generally have automatic and manual systems to shut the fission reaction down if monitoring or instrumentation detects unsafe conditions ...