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In computer programming, assembly language (alternatively assembler language [1] or symbolic machine code), [2] [3] [4] often referred to simply as assembly and commonly abbreviated as ASM or asm, is any low-level programming language with a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture's machine code instructions. [5]
x86 assembly language includes instructions for a stack-based floating-point unit (FPU). The FPU was an optional separate coprocessor for the 8086 through the 80386, it was an on-chip option for the 80486 series, and it is a standard feature in every Intel x86 CPU since the 80486, starting with the Pentium.
32-bit interrupt return. Differs from the older 16-bit IRET instruction in that it will pop interrupt return items (EIP,CS,EFLAGS; also ESP [j] and SS if there is a CPL change; and also ES,DS,FS,GS if returning to virtual 8086 mode) off the stack as 32-bit items instead of 16-bit items.
Assembly language provides a direct map between the numerical machine code and a human-readable mnemonic. In assembly, numerical opcodes and operands are replaced with mnemonics and labels. For example, the x86 architecture has available the 0x90 opcode; it is represented as NOP in the assembly source code.
It is used to teach assembly basics in his book Structured Computer Organization. IJVM is mostly a subset of the JVM assembly language that is used in the Java platform . This instruction set is so simple that it's difficult to write complex programs in it (for example, no shift instructions are provided).
Open Watcom Assembler or WASM is an x86 assembler produced by Watcom, based on the Watcom Assembler found in Watcom C/C++ compiler and Watcom FORTRAN 77. [1] [2] [3] Further development is being done on the 32- and 64-bit JWASM project, [4] which more closely matches the syntax of Microsoft's assembler.
To use virtual 8086 mode, an operating system sets up a virtual 8086 mode monitor, which is a program that manages the real-mode program and emulates or filters access to system hardware and software resources. The monitor must run at privilege level 0 and in protected mode. Only the 8086 program runs in VM86 mode and at privilege level 3.
In the x86 assembly language, the JMP instruction performs an unconditional jump. Such an instruction transfers the flow of execution by changing the program counter.There are a number of different opcodes that perform a jump; depending on whether the processor is in real mode or protected mode, and an override instruction is used, the instructions may take 16-bit, 32-bit, or segment:offset ...