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Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer; Polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE), the third generation of high-performance superplasticizer, [9] follows the development of ordinary plasticizers and superplasticizers. It significantly reduces water content while enhancing concrete's workability, strength, and durability.
Of commercial importance are the alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, which are used as superplasticizers in concrete. They are produced on a large scale by condensation of naphthalenesulfonate or alkylnaphthalenesulfonates with formaldehyde. [1] [2] Examples include: amaranth dye; amido black; armstrong's acid; congo red; Evans blue; suramin; trypan blue
However, most HPFRCCs include at least the following ingredients: fine aggregates, a superplasticizer, polymeric or metallic fibers, cement, and water. Thus the principal difference between HPFRCC and typical concrete composition lies in HPFRCCs' lack of coarse aggregates. Typically, a fine aggregate such as silica sand is used in HPFRCCs.
Water reducers are special chemical products added to a concrete mixture before it is poured. They are from the same family of products as retarders.The first class of water reducers was the lignosulfonates which has been used since the 1930s.
The long molecules wrap themselves around the cement particles, giving them a highly negative charge so that they repel each other. Polycarboxylate ether superplasticizer (PCE) or just polycarboxylate (PC), work differently from sulfonate-based superplasticizers, giving cement dispersion by steric stabilisation. This form of dispersion is more ...
Lignosulfonates are also used during the production of cement, where they act as grinding aids in the cement mill and as a rawmix slurry deflocculant (that reduces the viscosity of the slurry). Lignosulfonates are also used for the production of plasterboard to reduce the amount of water required to make the stucco flow and form the layer ...
In materials science, superplasticity is a state in which solid crystalline material is deformed well beyond its usual breaking point, usually over about 400% during tensile deformation. [1]
A portfolio of concrete admixtures, cement additives, and solutions for underground construction is bundled under the Master Builders Solutions brand. Founded in 1909, the company operates 35 production sites in Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand. Master Builders Solutions employs about 1,600 individuals worldwide.