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A lack of hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach is one of the most common age-related causes of a harmed digestive system. [6] Among men and women, 27% experience a varying degree of achlorhydria. US researchers found that over 30% of women and men over the age of 60 have little to no acid secretion in the stomach.
Ménétrier disease is a rare, acquired, premalignant disease of the stomach characterized by massive gastric folds, excessive mucus production with resultant protein loss, and little or no acid production (achlorhydria). The disorder is associated with excessive secretion of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α). [1]
Atrophic gastritis under low power. H&E stain. Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG) is an inherited form of atrophic gastritis characterized by an immune response directed toward parietal cells and intrinsic factor. [6] Achlorhydria induces G cell (gastrin-producing) hyperplasia, which leads to hypergastrinemia.
Antacids are a common treatment for mild to medium gastritis. [29] When antacids do not provide enough relief, medications such as H 2 blockers and proton-pump inhibitors that help reduce the amount of acid are often prescribed. [29] [30] Cytoprotective agents are designed to help protect the tissues that line the stomach and small intestine. [31]
Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency porphyria (also known as Doss porphyria, [1] plumboporphyria, [1] or ADP [2]) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that results from inappropriately low levels of the enzyme delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (), which is required for normal heme synthesis.
Acid reflux into the mouth can cause breakdown of the enamel, especially on the inside surface of the teeth. A dry mouth, acid or burning sensation in the mouth, bad breath and redness of the palate may occur. [27] Less common symptoms of GERD include difficulty in swallowing, water brash, chronic cough, hoarse voice, nausea and vomiting. [26]
Biliary reflux can be confused with acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While bile reflux involves fluid from the small intestine flowing into the stomach and esophagus, acid reflux is the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. These conditions are often related, and differentiating between the two can be ...
These symptoms include: belching, heartburn, chest pain, abdominal discomfort, abdominal bloating, nausea, loss of appetite, and flatulence. Dyspepsia itself is not an illness, rather it is an indicator of chronic underlying gastrointestinal issues such as peptic ulcer disease , gastro-esophageal reflux disease , H. pylori gastritis ...