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ZnO is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with an energy gap of 3.37 eV at room temperature. [1] ZnO nanoparticles are believed to be one of the three most produced nanomaterials, along with titanium dioxide nanoparticles and silicon dioxide nanoparticles. [2] [3] [4] The most common use of ZnO nanoparticles is in sunscreen.
A ZnO seed layer is used to begin uniform growth and to ensure nanowires are oriented. A solution of catalysts and molecules containing zinc and oxygen are reacted and nanostructures grow from the seed layer. An example of such a reaction involves hydrolysing ZnO(NO 3) 2 (zinc nitrate) and the decomposition of hexamethyltetramine (HMT) to form ...
Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Zn O.It is a white powder which is insoluble in water. ZnO is used as an additive in numerous materials and products including cosmetics, food supplements, rubbers, plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, lubricants, [12] paints, sunscreens, ointments, adhesives, sealants, pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, semi conductors ...
ZnO is strongly oxidative, chemically stable, with enhanced photocatalytic activity, and has a large free-exciton binding energy. It is non-toxic, abundant, biocompatible, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, low cost, and compatible with simple chemical synthesis. ZnO faces limits to its widespread use in photocatalysis under solar radiation.
Solutions of sodium zincate may be prepared by dissolving zinc, zinc hydroxide, or zinc oxide in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. [2] Simplified equations for these complex processes are:
Nanoparticles are distinguished from microparticles (1-1000 μm), "fine particles" (sized between 100 and 2500 nm), and "coarse particles" (ranging from 2500 to 10,000 nm), because their smaller size drives very different physical or chemical properties, like colloidal properties and ultrafast optical effects [3] or electric properties.
Flexible gas sensor based on ZnO nanorods and its internal structure. ITO stands for indium tin oxide and PET for polyethylene terephthalate. [1]A zinc oxide nanorod sensor or ZnO nanorod sensor is an electronic or optical device detecting presence of certain gas or liquid molecules (e.g. humidity, [2] NO, hydrogen, [3] [4] etc.) in the ambient atmosphere.
The first measurement of thermal conductivity in silicon nanowires was published in 2003. [4] Two important features were pointed out: 1) The measured thermal conductivities are significantly lower than that of the bulk Si and, as the wire diameter is decreased, the corresponding thermal conductivity is reduced.