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Most of today's Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and the Baltic states were granted to the government of Germany, which in turn decided to grant these states limited independence as buffer states. However, the German defeat on the Western Front and the internal dissolution of Austria-Hungary made the plans for the creation of Mitteleuropa obsolete.
Launched in the wake of the Armistice of 11 November 1918 which ended World War I and the German military occupation of the Baltic countries, the purposes of Operation Red Trek were to stop the rise of Bolshevism in the area, to support the newly independent countries of Estonia and Latvia, [8] to protect British interests, and to extend the freedom of the seas.
The Estonian War of Independence, [c] also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Russian westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the 1919 aggression of the pro–German Baltische Landeswehr.
The British campaign in the Baltic began on 26 November 1918, just 15 days after the end of the First World War, when a squadron under Rear Admiral Edwyn Alexander-Sinclair departed Britain. Alexander-Sinclair's force was meant as a show of strength against the Bolsheviks and in support of Estonian and Latvian independence, which was threatened ...
First radio transmission station in Estonia is opened. It is located at the Russian Imperial Baltic Fleet's Tallinn port. [3] 1908: Mihhail Rostovtsev opens Tartu Private University. University operates until 1918. [3] 1909: 14 April: Estonian National Museum is opened in Tartu. [3] [8] 1912: 27 April: First airplane lands in Estonia. [3] 1913: ...
' Operation Fist Punch '), also known as the Eleven Days' War, [2] [3] was a Central Powers offensive in World War I. It was the last major offensive on the Eastern Front . Russian forces were unable to put up any serious resistance due to the turmoil of the Russian Revolution and subsequent Russian Civil War .
The Latvian War of Independence (Latvian: Latvijas Neatkarības karš), sometimes called Latvia's freedom battles (Latvijas brīvības cīņas) or the Latvian War of Liberation (Latvijas atbrīvošanas karš), was a series of military conflicts in Latvia between 5 December 1918, after the newly proclaimed Republic of Latvia was invaded by Soviet Russia, and the signing of the Latvian-Soviet ...
Germany signs the Armistice of Compiègne, officially ending World War I. The Entente Powers order German forces to remain in the Baltic states indefinitely. The Estonian Provisional Government resumes its operations, headed by minister of foreign affairs and acting chairman of the Council of Ministers Jaan Poska.