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The British Empire refers to the possessions, dominions, and dependencies under the control of the Crown.In addition to the areas formally under the sovereignty of the British monarch, various "foreign" territories were controlled as protectorates; territories transferred to British administration under the authority of the League of Nations or the United Nations; and miscellaneous other ...
This is a timeline of British history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of England, History of Wales, History of Scotland, History of Ireland, Formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and History of the United Kingdom
Kingdoms in England and Wales about 600 AD. Urban sites were on the decline from the late Roman period and remained of very minor importance until around the 9th century. The largest cities in later Anglo-Saxon England however were Winchester, London and York, in that order, although London had eclipsed Winchester by the 11th century. Details ...
The British West Indies initially provided England's most important and lucrative colonies. [32] Settlements were successfully established in St. Kitts (1624), Barbados (1627) and Nevis (1628), [ 25 ] but struggled until the "Sugar Revolution" transformed the Caribbean economy in the mid-17th century. [ 33 ]
In 1983, the British Nationality Act 1981 renamed the existing British colonies as "British dependent territories". [a] Historically, colonials shared the same citizenship (although Magna Carta had effectively created English citizenship, citizens were still termed subjects of the King of England or English subjects.
(Monmouthshire was wholly subsumed into the court structure of England and so omitted from the subsequent Laws in Wales Act 1542, which led to ambiguity about its status as part of England or Wales.) The Act also extended the Law of England to both England and Wales and made English the only permissible language for official purposes.
England, as part of the UK, joined the European Economic Community in 1973, which became the European Union in 1993. The UK left the EU in 2020. There is a movement in England to create a devolved English Parliament. This would give England a local Parliament like those already functioning for Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.
The first English overseas colonies started in 1556 with the plantations of Ireland after the Tudor conquest of Ireland.One such overseas joint stock colony was established in the late 1560s, at Kerrycurrihy near Cork city [16] Several people who helped establish colonies in Ireland also later played a part in the early colonisation of North America, particularly a group known as the West ...