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  2. Holding (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holding_(aeronautics)

    The proper entry procedure is determined by the angle difference between the direction the aircraft flies to arrive at the beacon and the direction of the inbound leg of the holding pattern. [7] A direct entry is performed just as its name would suggest: the aircraft flies directly to the holding fix, and immediately begins the first turn outbound.

  3. Aircraft flight dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_flight_dynamics

    sideslip angle β: angle between the velocity vector and the projection of the aircraft longitudinal axis onto the x w,y w-plane, which describes whether there is a lateral component to the aircraft velocity; angle of attack α: angle between the x w,y w-plane and the aircraft longitudinal axis and, among other things, is an important variable ...

  4. Flight dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_dynamics

    The equilibrium roll angle is known as wings level or zero bank angle, equivalent to a level heeling angle on a ship. Yaw is known as "heading". A fixed-wing aircraft increases or decreases the lift generated by the wings when it pitches nose up or down by increasing or decreasing the angle of attack (AOA). The roll angle is also known as bank ...

  5. Axes conventions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axes_conventions

    RPY angles of ships and other sea vehicles. As well as aircraft, the same terminology is used for the motion of ships and boats. Some words commonly used were introduced in maritime navigation. For example, the yaw angle or heading, has a nautical origin, with the meaning of "bending out of the

  6. Angle of attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_attack

    As the angle of attack increases further, the upper surface flow becomes more fully separated and the lift coefficient reduces further. [7] Above this critical angle of attack, the aircraft is said to be in a stall. A fixed-wing aircraft by definition is stalled at or above the critical angle of attack rather than at or below a particular airspeed.

  7. Airfield traffic pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airfield_traffic_pattern

    In Europe, aircraft usually join the pattern at a 45° angle to the downwind leg, in the beginning of the downwind leg. [citation needed] Fast aircraft, for example military jets, may enter the pattern with a run-and-break (in the US, overhead maneuver or overhead break). The aircraft flies at speed along the final leg, and makes a sharp, high ...

  8. Angle of incidence (aerodynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence...

    Angle of incidence of an airplane wing on an airplane. On fixed-wing aircraft, the angle of incidence (sometimes referred to as the mounting angle [1] or setting angle) is the angle between the chord line of the wing where the wing is mounted to the fuselage, and a reference axis along the fuselage (often the direction of minimum drag, or where applicable, the longitudinal axis).

  9. Phugoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phugoid

    The aircraft struck the ground at a speed of 340 knots, causing the death of the three crew members and all fifteen passengers. [ 5 ] In the 1975 Tan Son Nhut C-5 accident , USAF C-5 68-0218 with flight controls damaged by failure of the rear cargo/pressure door, encountered phugoid oscillations while the crew was attempting a return to base ...