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Cupcakes baked with baking soda as a raising agent. Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −).
Baking powder is made up of a base, an acid, and a buffering material to prevent the acid and base from reacting before their intended use. [5] [6] Most commercially available baking powders are made up of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3, also known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda) and one or more acid salts.
Other leavening agents developed include sodium aluminium sulfate (NaAl(SO 4) 2 ·12H 2 O), disodium pyrophosphate (Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7), and sodium aluminium phosphates (NaH 14 Al 3 (PO 4) 8 ·4H 2 O and Na 3 H 15 Al 2 (PO 4) 8). These compounds combine with sodium bicarbonate to give carbon dioxide in a predictable manner. [5]
Some anticaking agents function by absorbing excess moisture or by coating particles and making them water-repellent. Calcium silicate (CaSiO 3), a commonly used anti-caking agent, added to e.g. table salt, absorbs both water and oil. Anticaking agents are also used in non-food items such as road salt, [3] fertilisers, [4] cosmetics, [5] [6 ...
Disodium pyrophosphate or sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) [1] is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7. It consists of sodium cations (Na +) and dihydrogen pyrophosphate anions (H 2 P 2 O 2− 7). It is a white, water-soluble solid that serves as a buffering and chelating agent, with many applications in the food ...
The most common salt of the bicarbonate ion is sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO 3, which is commonly known as baking soda. When heated or exposed to an acid such as acetic acid , sodium bicarbonate releases carbon dioxide. This is used as a leavening agent in baking. [11]
Chemical leavening agents include a weak base, such as baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) plus a weak acid, such as cream of tartar, lemon juice, or cultured buttermilk, to create an acid–base reaction that releases carbon dioxide. (Quick bread leavened specifically with baking soda is often called "soda bread".)
Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound with formula (NH 4)HCO 3. The compound has many names, reflecting its long history. The compound has many names, reflecting its long history. Chemically speaking, it is the bicarbonate salt of the ammonium ion.
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