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Sometimes groups 3 and 12, as well as the lanthanides and actinides (the two rows at the bottom), are also included in the main group. In chemistry and atomic physics, the main group is the group of elements (sometimes called the representative elements) whose lightest members are represented by helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon ...
Main group organometallic chemistry concerns the preparation and properties of main-group elements directly bonded to carbon. The inventory is large. The inventory is large. The compounds exhibit a wide range of properties, including ones that are water-stable and others that are pyrophoric . [ 1 ]
While the first dinitrogen complex was discovered in 1965, reports of dinitrogen complexes of main group elements have been significantly limited relative to their transition metal complex analogues. Examples span both the s- and p- blocks, with particular breakthroughs in Groups 1, [2] 2, [3] 13, [4] 14, [5] and 15 [6] in the periodic table.
Heavy metals – Variously-defined group of metals, on the base of their density, atomic number, or toxicity. Heavy atom – term used in computational chemistry to refer to any element other than hydrogen and helium. Minor actinides – Actinides found in significant quantities in nuclear fuel, other than U and Pu: Np, Am, Cm.
In chemistry, a transition metal (or transition element) is a chemical element in the d-block of the periodic table (groups 3 to 12), though the elements of group 12 (and less often group 3) are sometimes excluded.
One such area of study is in main group chemistry. An example of this can be seen in the formation of heavier carbene analogues, where bulky meta-terphenyl ligands were able to provide enough steric protection to stabilize newly created bismuthenium and stibenium ions, the first reported carbene analogs that were not in Group 14. [21]
The chemistry of the group 3 elements is typical for early transition metals: they all essentially have only the group oxidation state of +3 as a major one, and like the preceding main-group metals are quite electropositive and have a less rich coordination chemistry.
In the 1970s, Paolo Chini demonstrated that very large clusters could be prepared from the platinum metals, one example being [Rh 13 (CO) 24 H 3] 2−. This area of cluster chemistry has benefited from single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structure of Rh 4 (CO) 12, a metal carbonyl cluster. Many metal carbonyl clusters contain ligands aside from CO.