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Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. [7] Symptoms include shortness of breath, fainting, tiredness, chest pain, swelling of the legs, and a fast heartbeat. [7] [1] The condition may make it difficult to exercise. [7] Onset is typically gradual. [8]
A pulmonary artery wedge pressure being less than 15 mmHg (also measured by right heart catheterization) excludes post-capillary bed (in the veins distal to the capillary bed) pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a subgroup of pulmonary hypertension and is categorized as World Health Organization as group 1. [3]
The Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) is a disease specific patient-reported outcome measure which assesses quality of life of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). [1] It was the first pulmonary hypertension specific questionnaire for assessing patient reported symptoms, quality of life and functioning.
Pulmonary pulse pressure is normally much lower than systemic blood pressure due to the higher compliance of the pulmonary system compared to the arterial circulation. [6] It is measured by right heart catheterization or may be estimated by transthoracic echocardiography. Normal pulmonary artery pressure is 8 mmHg–20 mmHg at rest. [7]
A minimum systolic value can be roughly estimated by palpation, most often used in emergency situations, but should be used with caution. [10] It has been estimated that, using 50% percentiles, carotid, femoral and radial pulses are present in patients with a systolic blood pressure > 70 mmHg, carotid and femoral pulses alone in patients with systolic blood pressure of > 50 mmHg, and only a ...
Blood pressure measurements can be influenced by circumstances of measurement. [10] Guidelines use different thresholds for office (also known as clinic), home (when the person measures their own blood pressure at home), and ambulatory blood pressure (using an automated device over a 24-hour period).
Diffusing capacity of the lung (D L) (also known as transfer factor) measures the transfer of gas from air in the lung, to the red blood cells in lung blood vessels. It is part of a comprehensive series of pulmonary function tests to determine the overall ability of the lung to transport gas into and out of the blood.
Spirometry (meaning the measuring of breath) is the most common of the pulmonary function tests (PFTs). It measures lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled.