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Nitrogen dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula NO 2. One of several nitrogen oxides, ... Indoor exposure levels of NO 2 are, on average, ...
Exposure to high level of nitrogen dioxide may lead to inflammation of the mucous membrane and the lower and upper respiratory tracts. [11] The symptoms of acute nitrogen dioxide poisoning is non-specific and have a semblance with ammonia gas poisoning, chlorine gas poisoning, and carbon monoxide poisoning.
A recent study conducted by the University of California Davis found that adding nitrogen fertilizer to soil in California is contributing 25 percent or more to state-wide NO x pollution levels. [18] When nitrogen fertilizer is added to the soil, excess ammonium and nitrate not used by plants can be converted to NO by microorganisms in the soil ...
Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC 50 (median lethal concentration) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or permanent injury), and/or exposure limits (TLV, TWA/PEL, STEL, or REL) determined by the ACGIH professional association.
The AQI level is based on the level of six atmospheric pollutants, namely sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), suspended particulates smaller than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10), [19] suspended particulates smaller than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5), [19] carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O 3) measured at the ...
Among these are nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), all of which are covered in the NAAQS. NO 2 is the oxide measured and used as the indicator for the entire NO x family as it is of the most concern due to its quick formation and contribution to the formation of harmful ground level ozone. [18]
[30] [31] Ground-level ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide are especially harmful for senior citizens, children, and people with heart and lung conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma. [14]
Carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, ozone, lead, and particulate matter are also associated with increased hospitalization and mortality due to cardiovascular disease. Chromosomal damage is high among African American children and their mothers from Oakland, California who are exposed to traffic and regional ozone levels. [ 38 ]