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The molar volume of gases around STP and at atmospheric pressure can be calculated with an accuracy that is usually sufficient by using the ideal gas law. The molar volume of any ideal gas may be calculated at various standard reference conditions as shown below: V m = 8.3145 × 273.15 / 101.325 = 22.414 dm 3 /mol at 0 °C and 101.325 kPa
where the pressure, p, is the atmospheric pressure, V is the measured volume of the vessel, T is the absolute temperature of the hot bath, and R is the gas constant. The molecular weight of the chemical is then simply the mass in grams of the vapor within the vessel divided by the calculated number of mole.
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...
The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.A degree sign (°) or a superscript Plimsoll symbol (⦵) is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°), or change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°).
The number density (symbol: n or ρ N) is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects (particles, molecules, phonons, cells, galaxies, etc.) in physical space: three-dimensional volumetric number density, two-dimensional areal number density, or one-dimensional linear number density.
For a substance X with a specific volume of 0.657 cm 3 /g and a substance Y with a specific volume 0.374 cm 3 /g, the density of each substance can be found by taking the inverse of the specific volume; therefore, substance X has a density of 1.522 g/cm 3 and substance Y has a density of 2.673 g/cm 3. With this information, the specific ...
Until 1982, STP was defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 atm). Since 1982, STP is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar). Conversions between each volume flow metric are calculated using the following formulas: Prior to 1982,
In gas dynamics we are interested in the local relations between pressure, density and temperature, rather than considering a fixed quantity of gas. By considering the density ρ = M / V {\displaystyle \rho =M/V} as the inverse of the volume for a unit mass, we can take ρ = 1 / V {\displaystyle \rho =1/V} in these relations.