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The symptoms of poisoning vary depending on substance, the quantity a dog has consumed, the breed and size of the mammal.A common list of symptoms are digestion problems, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or blood in stool; bruising and bleeding gums, nose, or inside the ear canal; behavioral changes, such as lethargy, hyperactivity, and seizures; unusual items found in the dog's stool.
The preferred antidote is fomepizole, with ethanol used if this is not available. Hemodialysis may also be used in those where there is organ damage or a high degree of acidosis. Other treatments may include sodium bicarbonate, folate, and thiamine. [2] Outbreaks of methanol ingestion have occurred due to contamination of drinking alcohol.
Atipamezole has also been used as an antidote for various toxicities in dogs. For example, the anti- tick medication amitraz is commonly ingested by dogs who eat their anti-tick collars . [ 19 ] Amitraz works by the same mechanism as dexmedetomidine and is thus easily reversed by atipamezole.
Isopropyl alcohol (IUPAC name propan-2-ol and also called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a colorless, flammable, organic compound with a pungent alcoholic odor. [9]Isopropyl alcohol, an organic polar molecule, is miscible in water, ethanol, and chloroform, demonstrating its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances including ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, oils, alkaloids, and natural ...
Fomepizole, also known as 4-methylpyrazole, is a medication used to treat methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning. [4] It may be used alone or together with hemodialysis. [4] It is given by injection into a vein. [4] Common side effects include headache, nausea, sleepiness, and unsteadiness. [4] It is unclear if use during pregnancy causes risk ...
Inhalation and skin contact are expected to be the primary ways of occupational exposure to this chemical. Based on single exposure animal tests, it is considered to be slightly toxic if swallowed or inhaled, moderately toxic if absorbed through skin as well as being corrosive to eyes and skin. [1]
While the medication metadoxine may speed the breakdown of alcohol, use in alcohol intoxication requires further study as of 2017. [6] [30] It is approved in a number of countries in Europe, as well as India and Brazil. [30] Additional medication may be indicated for treatment of nausea, tremor, and anxiety.
The United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) maintains lists regarding the classification of illicit drugs (see DEA Schedules).It also maintains List I of chemicals and List II of chemicals, which contain chemicals that are used to manufacture the controlled substances/illicit drugs.