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A simple machine uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force. Ignoring friction losses, the work done on the load is equal to the work done by the applied force. The machine can increase the amount of the output force, at the cost of a proportional decrease in the distance moved by the load.
A wedge is a simple machine that transforms lateral force and movement of the tool into a transverse splitting force and movement of the workpiece. The available power is limited by the effort of the person using the tool, but because power is the product of force and movement, the wedge amplifies the force by reducing the movement.
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. The device trades off input forces against movement to obtain a desired amplification in the output force. The model for this is the law of the lever.
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The ancient Greek understanding of physics was limited to the statics of simple machines (the balance of forces), and did not include dynamics or the concept of work. During the Renaissance the dynamics of the Mechanical Powers, as the simple machines were called, began to be studied from the standpoint of how far they could lift a load, in addition to the force they could apply, leading ...
In common terms, it is the energy output, which for simple machines is always less than the energy input, even though the forces may be drastically different. In [thermodynamics], work output can refer to the thermodynamic work done by a heat engine , in which case the amount of work output must be less than the input as energy is lost to heat ...
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The mechanical advantage of a simple machine as defined as the ratio of the output force exerted on the load to the input force applied. The inclined plane the output load force is just the gravitational force of the load object on the plane, its weight . The input force is the force exerted on the object, parallel to the plane, to move it up ...