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Trajan's Dacian Wars (101–102, 105–106) were two military campaigns fought between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Emperor Trajan's rule. The conflicts were triggered by the constant Dacian threat on the Danubian province of Moesia and also by the increasing need for resources of the economy of the Empire.
The second campaign (105-106) ended with the suicide of Decebalus, and the conquest of the territory that would form the new Roman province of Dacia. [40] The history of the war was written by Emperor Trajan himself in a sort of Commentarii on the example of Caesar, which have been lost.
The Dacian citadels, such as Costești, fell one after the other until even the last one, near present-day Muncel, was destroyed while the Dacian army that rushed in was heavily beaten. [23] The road to Sarmizegetusa Regia was now considered open and the war now won. Decebalus, to spare the capital the horrors of a useless siege, capitulated.
First war between the Roman Empire and Dacia which ended in an unfavorable peace treaty for emperor Trajan. (to 102) [citation needed] 105: Peace broken, King Decebalus loses Second Dacian War, the south-west part of Dacia becomes a Roman province. (to 106) [citation needed] 170: The Costoboci tribe invades Roman territory.
The Dacia of King Burebista (82–44 BC) stretched from the Black Sea to the river Tisza. [7] During that period, the Getae and Dacians conquered a wider territory and Dacia extended from the Middle Danube to the Black Sea littoral (between Apollonia and Pontic Olbia) and from the Northern Carpathians to the Balkan Mountains. [8]
Nevertheless, the war went on with more sieges of Dacian forts and Dacian attacks on Roman camps until the last battle with Dacians took place at Porolissum. Decebalus sought refuge in the north, in the Carpathian mountains an almost inaccessible region, but a Roman column pursued him along the valley of the Marisus river.
The history of Dacian warfare spans from c. 10th century BC to 2nd century AD in the region defined by Ancient Greek and Latin historians as Dacia, populated by a collection of Thracian, Ionian, and Dorian tribes. [1] It concerns the armed conflicts of the Dacian tribes and their kingdoms in the Balkans.
First Dacian War: Rome invaded Dacia. September: Second Battle of Tapae: Dacian forces retreated from contact with the Romans at Tapae. 102: First Dacian War: The Dacian king Decebalus reaffirmed his loyalty to Rome, ending the war. 105: Second Dacian War: Trajan responded to the resumption of raids on Roman settlements in Moesia by invading ...