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In 2006, The Economist ranked Canada the third-most democratic nation in its Democracy Index, ahead of all other nations in the Americas and ahead of every nation more populous than itself. According to the V-Dem Democracy indices, in 2023 Canada was the 19th most electoral democratic country in the world. [83] [84]
Canada's first recorded election was held in Halifax in 1758 to elect the 1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia. [1] All Canadian citizens aged 18 or older who currently reside in Canada as of the polling day [2] (or at any point in their life have resided in Canada, regardless of time away) may vote in federal elections. [3]
For federal by-elections (for one or a few seats as a result of retirement, etc.) see List of federal by-elections in Canada. For the eight general elections of the Province of Canada held in 1843 to 1864 before confederation in 1867, see List of elections in the Province of Canada.
The timeline of elections in Canada covers all the provincial, territorial and federal elections from when each province was joined Confederation through to the present day. The table below indicates which party won the election. Several provinces held elections before joining Canada, but only their post-Confederation elections are shown. These ...
As a result, Lower Canada and Upper Canada, with its enormous debt, were united in 1840, and French was banned in the legislature for about eight years. Eight years later, an elected and responsible government was granted. By this time, the French-speaking majority of Lower Canada had become a political minority in a unified Canada.
The prime minister of Canada is the head of government of Canada. Since Canadian Confederation in 1867, there have been 23 prime ministers who have formed 29 Canadian ministries. The first prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, took office on July 1, 1867. The position does not have a set term of office, and does not have term limits.
Canada withdraws from the War in Afghanistan at the end of the first phase. [133] [134] [143] 2018: 17 October The Cannabis Act becomes law, making recreational cannabis use legal throughout the country. Canada is the second country (after Uruguay in 2013) to legalize recreational cannabis use nationwide. [144] 2020: 7 January - March
This was illustrated by the dissolution of parliament at Harper's request on September 7, 2008, which led Democracy Watch to initiate proceedings in federal court against the Prime Minister, the Governor in Council, the Governor General, and the Attorney General of Canada, challenging the decision to call an election prior to the fixed election ...