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The siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Judaea. Following a five-month siege, the Romans destroyed the city, including the Second Temple. [1] [2] [3]
Roman arrow machine One talent ballista (26 kg weight projectile). The heaviest versions could shoot up to three talents (78 kg), possibly much more. [5] A ballista. After the absorption of the ancient Greek city states into the Roman Republic in 146 BC, some advanced Greek technologies began to spread across many areas of Roman influence. This ...
The First Jewish War had in the siege of Jerusalem the "key" operation in the Roman victory. [49] It is said that the future emperor Titus first built around the besieged city in addition to a large camp, used as headquarters, thirteen forts [50] connected by a contravallation of almost 8 km [51] and as many as 5 siege ramps. [52]
Thousands of Sicarii killed: According to Josephus, 1.1 million non-combatants died in Jerusalem and 100,000 in Galilee; 97,000 enslaved. [4]According to modern scholars, a significant portion of the population of Judaea died due to battles, sieges, and famine, with some estimates suggesting up to one-quarter of the population (according to Herr). [5]
The First Jewish-Roman War ended with the devastating siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, including the burning of the Second Temple—the center of Jewish religious and national life. Roman forces destroyed other towns and villages throughout Judaea, causing massive loss of life and displacement of the population. [12]
Jerusalem during the Second Temple period describes the history of the city during the existence there of the Second Temple, from the return to Zion under Cyrus the Great (c. 538 BCE) to the siege and destruction the city by Titus during the First Jewish–Roman War in 70 CE. [1]
66–73 CE: First Jewish-Roman War, with the Judean rebellion led by Simon Bar Giora; 70 CE: Siege of Jerusalem (70) Titus, eldest son of Emperor Vespasian, ends the major portion of First Jewish–Roman War and destroys Herod's Temple on Tisha B'Av. The Roman legion Legio X Fretensis is garrisoned in the city. The Sanhedrin is relocated to Yavne.
Archaeological excavations into the destruction of the Temple in the Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE) of the First Jewish–Roman War; Biblical archaeology (excavations and artifacts) Levantine archaeology; Committee for the Prevention of Destruction of Antiquities on the Temple Mount; Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia