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Cognitive restructuring (CR) is a psychotherapeutic process of learning to identify and dispute irrational or maladaptive thoughts known as cognitive distortions, [1] such as all-or-nothing thinking (splitting), magical thinking, overgeneralization, magnification, [1] and emotional reasoning, which are commonly associated with many mental health disorders. [2]
The "all-or-nothing thinking distortion" is also referred to as "splitting", [20] "black-and-white thinking", [2] and "polarized thinking." [21] Someone with the all-or-nothing thinking distortion looks at life in black and white categories. [15] Either they are a success or a failure; either they are good or bad; there is no in-between.
In depression, exaggerated all-or-nothing thinking can form a self-reinforcing cycle: these thoughts might be called emotional amplifiers because, as they go around and around, they become more intense. Typical all-or-nothing thoughts: My efforts are either a success or they are an abject failure. Other people are either all good or all bad.
“Intrusive thoughts can be about day-to-day stress, result from low self-esteem, feeling like an imposter in a work setting, having a fight with a friend,” says Abrams.
Abraham Low believed that someone's thoughts were best changed by changing their actions. [40] Adler and Low influenced the work of Albert Ellis, [39] [41] who developed the earliest cognitive-based psychotherapy called rational emotive behavioral therapy, or REBT. [42] The first version of REBT was announced to the public in 1956. [43]
Say Nothing explores the extremes some people will go to in the name of their beliefs, the way a deeply divided society can suddenly tip over into armed conflict, the long shadow of radical ...
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The client is asked to list problematic thoughts, worries or obsessions they believe they cannot properly control. Each thought is then translated into a statement in the client's vocabulary. A thought-stopping survey schedule can also be used, through which the client rates the frequency of occurrence of 51 negative statements.