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The Mexican War of Independence (Spanish: Guerra de Independencia de México, 16 September 1810 – 27 September 1821) was an armed conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's independence from the Spanish Empire.
[2] [20] Hidalgo's study of French allowed him to read and study works of the Enlightenment current in Europe [3] but, at the same time, forbidden by the Catholic church in Mexico. [2] Etching depicting Hidalgo's portrait, on a pamphlet celebrating Mexican independence. Hidalgo was ordained as a priest in 1778 when he was 25 years old.
Enlightenment texts circulating in Spanish America have been linked to the intellectual underpinnings of Spanish American independence. [5] Works by Enlightenment philosophers were owned and read in Spanish America, despite restrictions on the book trade and their inclusion on the Inquisition’s list of forbidden books . [ 6 ]
Ideas about free trade and physiocratic economics were raised by the Enlightenment in Spain and spread to the overseas empire and a homegrown Spanish American Enlightenment. The political reforms implemented and the many constitutions written both in Spain and throughout the Spanish world during the wars of independence were influenced by these ...
Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821, after a prolonged struggle marked by the Mexican War of Independence. The country faced numerous challenges in the 19th century, including regional conflicts, caudillo power struggles, the Mexican–American War , and foreign interventions like the French invasion .
The Latin American wars of independence may collectively refer to all of these anti-colonial military conflicts during the decolonization of Latin America around the early 19th century: Spanish American wars of independence (1808–1833), multiple related conflicts that resulted in the independence of most of the Spanish Empire 's American colonies
Juan Benito Díaz de Gamarra y Dávalos (1745–1783) was a Mexican philosopher during the period of enlightenment in New Spain, modern-day Mexico. His thought was primarily concerned with approaching Christianity, particularly Spanish Catholicism, with the philosophical methodology of the time.
During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Inquisition worked with the viceregal government to block the diffusion of liberal ideas during the Enlightenment, as well as the revolutionary republican and democratic ideas of the United States War of Independence and the French Revolution.