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In chemistry, an acid dissociation constant (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant; ... maleic acid has pK a values of approximately 1.5 and 6.5.
In industry, maleic acid is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride, the latter being produced by oxidation of benzene or butane. [4] Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. [8] Maleic acid may be used to form acid addition salts with drugs to make them more stable, such as indacaterol ...
Malonic acid is the precursor in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFASII), in which it is converted to malonyl-CoA by acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3 (ACSF3). [ 30 ] [ 31 ] Additionally, the coenzyme A derivative of malonate, malonyl-CoA, is an important precursor in cytosolic fatty acid biosynthesis along with acetyl CoA .
Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula HO 2 CCH(OH)CH 2 CO 2 H.It is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms, contributes to the sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive.
Acid strength is the tendency of an acid, symbolised by the chemical formula, to dissociate into a proton, +, and an anion, .The dissociation or ionization of a strong acid in solution is effectively complete, except in its most concentrated solutions.
A white solid, fumaric acid occurs widely in nature. It has a fruit-like taste and has been used as a food additive. Its E number is E297. [3] The salts and esters are known as fumarates. Fumarate can also refer to the C 4 H 2 O 2− 4 ion (in solution). Fumaric acid is the trans isomer of butenedioic acid, while maleic acid is the cis isomer.
Maleate isomerase can be used to produce fumaric acid, an important building block material for polymerization and esterification reactions, from the isomerization of maleic acid. [7] Maleic acid is produced from maleic anhydride. [7] Maleic acid can also be converted into fumaric acid by thermal or catalytic cis–trans isomerization.
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It contains the amide functional group, but more importantly it is an alkene that is reactive toward thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides. [2]