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[3] [6] Cough medicine has little support for its use and is not recommended in children less than six years of age. [1] [11] Antibiotics should generally not be used. [12] An exception is when acute bronchitis is due to pertussis. [1] Tentative evidence supports honey and pelargonium to help with symptoms. [1] Acute bronchitis is one of the ...
[9] [10] Many people with chronic bronchitis also have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [11] Tobacco smoking is the most common cause, with a number of other factors such as air pollution and genetics playing a smaller role. [12] Treatments include quitting smoking, vaccinations, rehabilitation, and often inhaled bronchodilators ...
This is a shortened version of the eighth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Respiratory System. It covers ICD codes 460 to 519. The full chapter can be found on pages 283 to 300 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
Mucoactive agents—expectorants—include mucolytics, secretolytics and mucokinetics (also called secretomotorics) [3] Mucolytics: thin (reduce the viscosity of) mucus [2] Secretolytics: increase airway water or the volume of airway secretions [2] Mucokinetics: increase mucociliary transport (clearance) and transportability of mucus by cough [2]
[3] [4] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold. [5]: 28 Most infections are viral in nature, and in other instances, the cause is bacterial. [6] URTIs can also be fungal or helminthic in origin, but these are less common. [7]: 443–445
Bronchiolitis obliterans results in worsening shortness of breath, wheezing, and a dry cough.The symptoms can start gradually, or severe symptoms can occur suddenly. [9] [10] These symptoms represent an obstructive pattern that is non-reversible with bronchodilator therapy, and need to be related to various lung insults. [11]
[3] [9] [11] Patients respond well to inhaled corticosteroids and their eosinophil counts in their sputum usually decrease after treatment. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] There has not been a study to determine the ideal dosage of inhaled corticosteroids for patients with eosinophilic bronchitis, and there is no consensus on whether the treatment should be ...
The definition of a COPD exacerbation is commonly described as "lost in translation", [9] meaning that there is no universally accepted standard with regard to defining an acute exacerbation of COPD. Many organizations consider it a priority to create such a standard, as it would be a major step forward in the diagnosis and quality of treatment ...