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Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a class of anticoagulant medications. [1] They are used in the prevention of blood clots and, in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism), and the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Fresh normal plasma has all the blood coagulation factors with normal levels. If the problem is a simple factor deficiency, mixing the patient plasma 1:1 with plasma that contains 100% of the normal factor level results in a level ≥50% in the mixture (say the patient has an activity of 0%; the average of 100% + 0% = 50%). [3]
Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is a medication and naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan. [3] [4] Heparin is a blood anticoagulant that increases the activity of antithrombin. [5] It is used in the treatment of heart attacks and unstable angina. [3] It can be given intravenously or by injection under the skin. [3]
A 2021 review found that low molecular weight heparin ... a significant risk factor for forming blood clots in the deep ... of thrombosis by 50%. [16] [20]: ...
The 4T score for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia [9] [10] Thrombocytopenia 2 points if the fall in platelet count is >50% of the previous value, AND the lowest count (nadir) is 20–100 × 10 9 /liter 1 point if the fall is 30–50% or the nadir is 10–19 × 10 9 /liter No points if the fall is less than 30% or the nadir is <10 × 10 9 /liter ...
The impact factor relates to a specific time period; it is possible to calculate it for any desired period. For example, the JCR also includes a five-year impact factor, which is calculated by dividing the number of citations to the journal in a given year by the number of articles published in that journal in the previous five years. [14] [15]
An anticoagulant, commonly known as a blood thinner, is a chemical substance that prevents or reduces the coagulation of blood, prolonging the clotting time. [1] Some occur naturally in blood-eating animals, such as leeches and mosquitoes, which help keep the bite area unclotted long enough for the animal to obtain blood.
Antithrombin (AT) is a small glycoprotein that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system. It is a 464-amino-acid protein produced by the liver.It contains three disulfide bonds and a total of four possible glycosylation sites. α-Antithrombin is the dominant form of antithrombin found in blood plasma and has an oligosaccharide occupying each of its four glycosylation sites.