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Their "reinterpretation hypothesis" explains away evidence supporting attribution of mental states to others in chimpanzees as merely evidence of risk-based learning; that is, the chimpanzees learn through experience that certain behaviors in other chimpanzees have a probability of leading to certain responses, without necessarily attributing ...
The great apes (Hominidae) show some cognitive and empathic abilities. Chimpanzees can make tools and use them to acquire foods and for social displays; they have mildly complex hunting strategies requiring cooperation, influence and rank; they are status conscious, manipulative and capable of deception; they can learn to use symbols and understand aspects of human language including some ...
In other words, Morgan believed that anthropomorphic approaches to animal behavior were fallacious, and that people should only consider behaviour as, for example, rational, purposive or affectionate, if there is no other explanation in terms of the behaviours of more primitive life-forms to which we do not attribute those faculties.
Chimpanzees are also near the top of the cognitive food chain as observed by the brilliant Jane Goodall, who conducted the first detailed studies of these animals in the wild over decades.
Scientists’ changing understanding of animal sentience could have implications for U.S. law, which does not classify animals as sentient on a federal level, according to Reddy.
Much of the early work on ToM in animals focused on the understanding chimpanzees have of human knowledge. The term "theory of mind" was originally proposed by Premack and Woodruff in 1978. [2] [5] Early studies focused almost entirely on studying if chimpanzees could understand the knowledge of humans. This approach turned out not to be ...
Group of chimpanzees. In primatology, the Machiavellian intelligence or social brain hypothesis describes the capacity of primates to manuever in complex social groups. [1] [2] The first introduction of this concept came from Frans de Waal's book Chimpanzee Politics (1982). In the book de Waal notes that chimpanzees performed certain social ...
While the chimpanzees outperformed human adults in memorizing briefly presented numbers that appeared on the screen, [1] the researchers found that chimpanzees were less proficient at a variety of other cognitive tasks including imitation, cross-modal matching, symmetry of symbols and referents, and one-to-one correspondence. Matsuzawa came up ...