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  2. Ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratio

    Ratios may also be established between incommensurable quantities (quantities whose ratio, as value of a fraction, amounts to an irrational number). The earliest discovered example, found by the Pythagoreans , is the ratio of the length of the diagonal d to the length of a side s of a square , which is the square root of 2 , formally a : d = 1 ...

  3. List of mathematical constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_constants

    3.14159 26535 89793 23846 [Mw 1] [OEIS 1] Ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. 1900 to 1600 BCE [2] Tau: 6.28318 53071 79586 47692 [3] [OEIS 2] Ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius. Equal to : 1900 to 1600 BCE [2] Square root of 2, Pythagoras constant [4]

  4. Cross-multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-multiplication

    In mathematics, specifically in elementary arithmetic and elementary algebra, given an equation between two fractions or rational expressions, one can cross-multiply to simplify the equation or determine the value of a variable.

  5. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    A pie chart showing the percentage by web browser visiting Wikimedia sites (April 2009 to 2012). In mathematics, a percentage (from Latin per centum 'by a hundred') is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100.

  6. Proportion (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportion_(mathematics)

    A proportion is a mathematical statement expressing equality of two ratios. [1] [2]: =: a and d are called extremes, b and c are called means. Proportion can be written as =, where ratios are expressed as fractions.

  7. Irreducible fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible_fraction

    In the second step, they were divided by 3. The final result, ⁠ 4 / 3 ⁠, is an irreducible fraction because 4 and 3 have no common factors other than 1. The original fraction could have also been reduced in a single step by using the greatest common divisor of 90 and 120, which is 30.

  8. Third grade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_grade

    In Brazil, third grade is the terceiro ano do Ensino Fundamental I, in this case, children begin their first year of elementary school at age 6 or 7 depending on their birthdate. Therefore, the 3rd year of elementary school is typically for students of 8 (96 months)–9 years (108 months) of age.

  9. Rate (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a rate is the quotient of two quantities, often represented as a fraction. [1] If the divisor (or fraction denominator) in the rate is equal to one expressed as a single unit, and if it is assumed that this quantity can be changed systematically (i.e., is an independent variable), then the dividend (the fraction numerator) of the rate expresses the corresponding rate of change ...