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Structure of the classical cephalosporins. The cephalosporins (sg. / ˌ s ɛ f ə l ə ˈ s p ɔːr ɪ n, ˌ k ɛ-,-l oʊ-/ [1] [2]) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium. [3] Together with cephamycins, they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics ...
This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class. Antibiotics are listed alphabetically within their class or subclass by their nonproprietary name. If an antibiotic is a combination drug, both ingredients will be listed.
Cephalosporins (Third generation) Cefixime (antagonistic with Chloramphenicol) [6] Cefspan (Fujisawa), Suprax: Improved coverage of Gram-negative organisms, except Pseudomonas. Reduced Gram-positive cover. But still not cover Mycoplasma and Chlamydia: Gastrointestinal upset and diarrhea; Nausea (if alcohol taken concurrently) Allergic reactions
β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.
C. Carbacephem; Cefacetrile; Cefaclor; Cefadroxil; Cefalexin; Cefaloglycin; Cefalonium; Cefalotin; Cefamandole; Cefaparole; Cefapirin; Cefatrizine; Cefazaflur; Cefazedone
It is in the third-generation cephalosporin class of medications. [5] It works by disrupting the bacteria's cell wall resulting in its death. [5] Cefixime was patented in 1979 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1989. [5] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9]
Cefadroxil is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial drug that is the para-hydroxy derivative of cephalexin, and is used similarly in the treatment of mild to moderate susceptible infections such as the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, causing the disease popularly called strep throat or streptococcal tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, and skin infections.
[2] [4] Cefazolin is in the first-generation cephalosporin class of medication and works by interfering with the bacteria's cell wall. [2] Cefazolin was patented in 1967 and came into commercial use in 1971. [5] [6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [7] It is available as a generic medication. [2]