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Andreev reflection, named after the Russian physicist Alexander F. Andreev, is a type of particle scattering which occurs at interfaces between a superconductor (S) and a normal state material (N). It is a charge-transfer process by which normal current in N is converted to supercurrent in S.
The table below shows some of the parameters of common superconductors. X:Y means material X doped with element Y, T C is the highest reported transition temperature in kelvins and H C is a critical magnetic field in tesla. "BCS" means whether or not the superconductivity is explained within the BCS theory.
Plot showing superconducting electron density versus depth in normal and superconducting layers with two coherence lengths, and .. Proximity effect or Holm–Meissner effect is a term used in the field of superconductivity to describe phenomena that occur when a superconductor (S) is placed in contact with a "normal" (N) non-superconductor.
The main field of Naidyuk's scientific research is the study of the interaction of conduction electrons with quasiparticle excitations in solids using the method of point contact spectroscopy; research of strongly correlated electronic systems and point contact spectroscopy of topical superconductors, including promising ones such as magnesium diboride, rare-earth nickel-borocarbide compounds ...
The suburban Long Island electrical substation is fed by a 2,000 foot (600 m) underground cable system which consists of about 99 miles (159 km) of high-temperature superconductor wire manufactured by American Superconductor chilled to −371 °F (−223.9 °C; 49.3 K) with liquid nitrogen, [dubious – discuss] greatly reducing the cost ...
Phase diagram (B, T) of a type I superconductor : if B < B c, the medium is superconducting. T c is the critical temperature of a superconductor when there is no magnetic field. The interior of a bulk superconductor cannot be penetrated by a weak magnetic field, a phenomenon known as the Meissner effect. When the applied magnetic field becomes ...
Josephson junction array chip developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology as a standard volt. In physics, the Josephson effect is a phenomenon that occurs when two superconductors are placed in proximity, with some barrier or restriction between them.
These materials are type-II superconductors with substantial upper critical field H c2, and in contrast to, for example, the cuprate superconductors with even higher H c2, they can be easily machined into wires. Recently, however, 2nd generation superconducting tapes are allowing replacement of cheaper niobium-based wires with much more ...