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Hotak dynasty (1709–1738), established by Mirwais Hotak from Kandahar, who declared independence from the Persian Safavids. Hotak was a tribal chief of the Ghilzai Pashtuns. [6] [7] The Hotaki dynasty ruled over much of southern Afghanistan and most of Iran (Persia) at its peak.
The advent of poetry helped transition Pashto to the modern period. Pashto literature gained significant prominence in the 20th century, with poetry by Ameer Hamza Shinwari who developed Pashto Ghazals. [291] In 1919, during the expanding of mass media, Mahmud Tarzi published Seraj-al-Akhbar, which became the first Pashto newspaper in Afghanistan.
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The Durrani dynasty (Persian: سلسله درانیان; Pashto: د درانيانو کورنۍ) was founded in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani at Kandahar, Afghanistan. He united the different Pashtun tribes and created the Durrani Empire .
Jalal-ud-Din Khalji – founder of Khalji dynasty Region 1290–1320; Alauddin Khalji Second ruler of Region July 1296–4 January 1316; Bahlul Lodi – founder of Lodi Dynasty (reigned 1451–1489), most powerful of the Pashtun chiefs, who replaced the last king of the Sayyid dynasty in 1451; Sikandar Lodi – Sultan of Delhi
The Khalji or Khilji [b] dynasty ruled the Delhi sultanate, covering large parts of the Indian subcontinent for nearly three decades between 1290 and 1320. [16] [17] [18] Founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji as the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India, and successfully fending off the repeated Mongol invasions of India. [19] [20]
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Abdali were primarily pastoralists, not known for agricultural activities, but some of them were engaged in overland trade.Abdali and Tareen (a Pashtun tribe related to Abdalis) chieftains were patronized by both Safavid and Mughal appointed governors, and asked to patrol travel routes to ensure the safety of merchant caravans passing through Kandahar ...
The Kheshgi or Khaishgi (Pashto: خیشکی) is a prominent Sarbani Pashtun tribe and Imperial dynasty in South Asia, mainly in India and Pakistan. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Kheshgi