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Fulani or Fulbe Empire of Macina of Seku Amadu (1818–1862) Fulani or Fulbe Empire of El Hajj Oumar Tall, Toucouleur Empire (1848–1898) Fulani or Fulbe Empire of Bundu (state) of Malick Daouda Sy (1669–1954) Kanem Empire (700–1380) Bornu Empire (1380–1893) Wadai Empire (1501–1912) Ghana Empire (500–1200) Mali Empire (1230–1670 ...
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (UK: / uː ˈ m aɪ j æ d /, [2] US: / uː ˈ m aɪ æ d /; [3] Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, romanized: al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) [4] was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
The precise extent of either empire at its greatest territorial expansion is a matter of debate among scholars. Several empires in human history have been contenders for the largest of all time, depending on definition and mode of measurement. Possible ways of measuring size include area, population, economy, and power.
At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 5.17 million square miles (13,400,000 km 2), making it the largest empire the world had yet seen and the seventh largest ever to exist in history. [24] Geographically, the empire was divided into several provinces, the borders of which changed numerous times during the Umayyad reign.
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (/ ə ˈ b æ s ɪ d, ˈ æ b ə s ɪ d /; Arabic: الْخِلَافَة الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, romanized: al-Khilāfa al-ʿAbbāsiyya) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 February 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...
Founded by Cyrus the Great, it was notable for embracing various civilizations and becoming the largest empire of the ancient history, for its successful model of a centralized, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under a king) and a government working to the profit of its subjects, for building infrastructure, such as a postal system ...