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A congenital heart defect (CHD), also known as a congenital heart anomaly, congenital cardiovascular malformation, and congenital heart disease, is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. [7] A congenital heart defect is classed as a cardiovascular disease. [10]
Chagas disease; Chickenpox; Copenhagen disease; Croup; Cystic fibrosis; Cytomegalovirus (the virus most frequently transmitted before birth) Dental caries; Type 1 diabetes; Diphtheria; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Fifth disease; Congenital Heart Disease; Infectious mononucleosis; Influenza; Intussusception (medical disorder) Juvenile idiopathic ...
Congenital anomalies resulted in about 632,000 deaths per year in 2013 down from 751,000 in 1990. [12] The types with the greatest death are congenital heart defects (323,000), followed by neural tube defects (69,000). [12]
Heart disorders (Congenital heart defects) Hemifacial microsomia; Holoprosencephaly; Huntington's disease; Hirschsprung's disease, or congenital aganglionic megacolon; Hypertrichosis; Hypoglossia; Hypomelanism or hypomelanosis (albinism) Hypospadias; Haemophilia; Heterochromia; Hemochromatosis
Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are a kind of congenital heart abnormality in which a tiny opening exists between the two atria of the heart. [ 86 ] [ 12 ] The burden on the right side of the heart is increased as a result of these abnormalities, as is the blood flow to the lungs.
After examining 833 children with the syndrome, in 1963 presented a paper: "Associated non-cardiac malformations in children with congenital heart disease". [46] This described nine children who in addition to congenital heart disease had characteristic facial features, chest deformities and short stature.
Anencephaly is the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp that occurs during embryonic development. [1] It is a cephalic disorder that results from a neural tube defect that occurs when the rostral (head) end of the neural tube fails to close, usually between the 23rd and 26th day following conception. [2]
Shone's syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect described by Shone in 1963. In the complete form, four left-sided defects are present: [1] Supravalvular mitral membrane (SVMM) Parachute mitral valve; Subaortic stenosis (membranous or muscular) Coarctation of the aorta